A novel mouse model offers definitive evidence that a single inhibitory receptor family governs the critical natural killer cell functions of licensing and missing-self.

This important study examined orientation representations along the visual hierarchy during perception and working memory. The authors provide results suggesting that during working memory there is a ...

Polyphosphate (polyP) exists in all life forms; however, its biological functions in metazoans are understudied. Here, we explored Drosophila as the first genetic model to explore polyP biology in ...

Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in brain function by regulating synaptic activity and plasticity. Different gliotransmitters, such as glutamate, ATP, GABA or ...

Mammalian genomes are organized by multi-level folding, yet how this organization contributes to cell type-specific transcription remain unclear. We uncovered that the nuclear protein SATB1 ...

Inner ear cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) transmit sound information to the brainstem. Recent single cell RNA-Seq studies have revealed heterogeneities within SGNs. Nonetheless, much remains ...

Peptides designed by artificial intelligence restrict both drug-resistant bacteria and rapidly evolving viruses.

Brian 2 allows scientists to simply and efficiently simulate spiking neural network models. These models can feature novel dynamical equations, their interactions with the environment, and ...

Dendrites shape information flow in neurons. Yet, there is little consensus on the level of spatial complexity at which they operate. Through carefully chosen parameter fits, solvable in the ...

The cellular context for displaying carotenoid-dependent colors differs between endothermic and ectothermic vertebrates. In birds, carotenoids are concentrated in keratinocytes of the skin and ...

The neural crest is a migratory population of stem-like cells that contribute to multiple traits including the bones of the skull, peripheral nervous system, and pigment. How neural crest cells ...

Here, we identified a circuit, locus coeruleus descending noradrenergic neurons projecting to the spinal dorsal horn (LC →SDH -NA neurons), that is activated by acute exposure to restraint stress and ...